Travel Medicine
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|
Country Name |
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
|
Continent |
Europe |
|
Surface area |
51,129 km2 |
|
Capital |
Sarajevo |
|
Population |
3,900,000 |
|
Language |
Bosnian, Croatian and Serbian |
|
Currency |
Bosnian Mark (BAM) |
|
Time zone |
The same as Italy |
|
Area code for Italy |
0039 |
|
Area code from Italy |
00387 |
There have been no relevant reports in the past 90 days.
Yellow fever vaccination is not required.
This viral disease is transmitted by the bite of infected ticks. Vaccination is recommended when staying in areas with a higher risk of infection. The risk decreases in the winter months.
Hepatitis A is usually transmitted by contaminated food and water, or close physical contact with an infected person, whereas Hepatitis B is transmitted by exposure to infected body fluids and blood.
Infection typically occurs through contact with the saliva of an infected animal, usually caused by bites, scratches or licks near open wounds or mucous membranes (e.g. mouth, nose, eyes). The most common vectors are dogs and bats, but cases of infection in other domestic animals have also been reported.
Caused by toxins released by the bacterium Clostridium tetani, the risk of tetanus infection is present throughout the country.
Tuberculosis is an airborne disease of bacterial origin. Vaccination is recommended for all travellers at risk of developing severe symptoms or coming into contact with infected individuals. It is also recommended for all travellers under the age of 16, who plan to stay in the country for more than 3 months.
Diseases such as Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever, Leishmaniasis, and West Nile virus are present in Southern Europe. As these diseases are transmitted by insect bites and there are no vaccines, it is important to adopt careful behavioural and preventive measures.
The following vaccinations are strongly recommended as these diseases can be contracted anywhere in the world. Experts advise that you protect yourself and other travellers by making sure you are up-to-date with all of the recommended vaccinations. This will allow you to travel safely, while minimising the risk of exposure to infection.
The Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina gained independence from Yugoslavia in 1992. Nevertheless, in an effort to respect the territorial distribution of the various ethnic groups, the state has continued to maintain a division between the two entities: The Serbian Republic and the Croat-Muslim Federation. The former, includes the northern territory bordering Croatia and the eastern territory bordering Serbia and Montenegro, while the latter includes all of the western territory bordering Croatia and the central region of the country.
The country has a narrow coast that is approximately 20 km long. This area has a mild, Mediterranean climate with abundant rainfall, which thins out during the summer. The west-central area features fairly high elevations; here the climate becomes colder, often with snowy precipitations in the winter months. The northern plain is characterised by a continental climate with hot summers and cold, frosty winters.
