Travel Medicine
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|
Country Name |
Republic of Estonia |
|
Continent |
Europe |
|
Surface area |
45,339 km2 |
|
Capital |
Tallin |
|
Population |
1,324,820 (2019) |
|
Language |
Estonian |
|
Currency |
Euro (EUR) |
|
Time zone |
+1hr compared to Italy |
|
Area code for Italy |
0039 |
|
Area code from Italy |
00372 |
There have been no relevant reports in the past 90 days.
Yellow fever vaccination is not required.
This viral disease is transmitted by the bite of infected ticks. Vaccination is recommended when staying in areas with a higher risk of infection. The risk decreases in the winter months.
Hepatitis A is usually transmitted by contaminated food and water, or close physical contact with an infected person, whereas Hepatitis B is transmitted by exposure to infected body fluids and blood.
Infection typically occurs through contact with the saliva of an infected animal, usually caused by bites, scratches or licks near open wounds or mucous membranes (e.g. mouth, nose, eyes). The most common vectors are dogs and bats, but cases of infection in other domestic animals have also been reported.
Caused by toxins released by the bacterium Clostridium tetani, the risk of tetanus infection is present throughout the country.
Diseases such as Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever, leishmaniasis, West Nile virus are found in Eastern Europe. As these diseases are transmitted by insect bites and there are no vaccines, it is important to adopt careful behavioural and preventive measures.
The following vaccinations are strongly recommended as these diseases can be contracted anywhere in the world. Experts advise that you protect yourself and other travellers by making sure you are up-to-date with all of the recommended vaccinations. This will allow you to travel safely, while minimising the risk of exposure to infection.
Estonia overlooks the Baltic Sea and the Gulf of Finland, bordering with Russia to the east and Latvia to the south. Numerous islands form part of the country’s territory.
The northern side is flat, while to the south and east there are series of relatively low elevations that stand at approximately 300-metres-high.
The climate is humid-temperate, with long, cold winters and a short, fairly hot spring and summer season, where the temperatures can even get as high as 30°C.
Annual rainfall is not particularly abundant and tends to concentrate on the northern side of the country in the summer and early autumn months. Snow blankets the ground for many months of the year, especially in the eastern belt bordering Russia.
