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|
Country Name |
Republic of Nicaragua |
|
Continent |
Central America |
|
Surface area |
130,370 Km2 |
|
Capital |
Managua |
|
Population |
6,218,000 |
|
Language |
Spanish, English |
|
Currency |
Córdoba Gold |
|
Time zone |
-7hrs in relation to Italy |
|
Area code for Italy |
0039 |
|
Area code from Italy |
00505 |
There have been no relevant reports in the past 90 days.
Yellow fever vaccination is not required.
Hepatitis A is generally transmitted through contaminated food and water, or through close physical contact with an infected person, while hepatitis B is transmitted through exposure to infected body fluids and blood.
Infection typically occurs through contact with the saliva of an infected animal, usually through bites, scratches or licks near open wounds or membranes (mouth, nose, eyes). The most common vectors are dogs and bats, but cases of infection in other domestic animals have also been reported.
Caused by toxins released by the bacterium Clostridium tetani, there is an endemic risk of contracting tetanus throughout the country.
Bacterial in origin, typhoid fever is transmitted through contaminated food and drink, especially in regions where sanitation conditions are poor.
Tuberculosis is a bacterial airborne disease. Vaccination is recommended for all travellers at risk of developing severe symptoms or of coming into contact with infected individuals. It is likewise recommended for all travellers under the age of 16 who plan to reside in the country for more than 3 months.
Malaria, transmitted by mosquito bites, is widespread throughout the country. As a vaccine is not yet available, you are advised to take both behavioural, and following medical consultation, pharmacological preventive measures.
These diseases are spread by mosquito bites and there is no vaccine. Therefore, it is important to take preventive measures by implementing behavioural prophylaxes.
Chikungunya and West Nile virus are to be found in certain areas of the Caribbean. Transmitted by insect bites and with no vaccine, it is important to take preventive measures with behavioural prophylaxes.
The following vaccinations are strongly recommended as these diseases can be contracted anywhere in the world. Experts advise that you protect yourself and other travellers by making sure you are up-to-date with all of the recommended vaccinations. This will allow you to travel safely, while minimising the risk of exposure to infection.
Nicaragua spans the Central American isthmus, bordered by Honduras to the north and Costa Rica to the south; to the west and east it is bounded by the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, respectively.
The central area of the territory consists of a plateau that rises from 600 to 2,000 metres above sea level. The western belt houses the country's two largest lakes and a number of volcanic elevations at the coast, six of which are active. To the east, the plateau slopes evenly into the vast alluvial and marshy Caribbean coastal plain.
The climate is tropical throughout the country, although mitigated by the altitude on the plateau. The Atlantic-facing side is the most exposed to rainfall.
