Travel Medicine
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|
Country Name |
Republic of Senegal |
|
Continent |
Africa |
|
Surface area |
196,722 km2 |
|
Capital |
Dakar |
|
Population |
12,800,000 |
|
Language |
French |
|
Currency |
West African Franc (CFA) |
|
Time zone |
-1hr compared to Italy |
|
Area code for Italy |
0039 |
|
Area code from Italy |
00221 |
There have been no relevant reports in the past 90 days.
Yellow fever vaccination is mandatory for all travellers over 9 months of age from high-risk countries or people who have transited at an airport in a high-risk country. Vaccination is recommended for all travellers over 9 months of age.
Cholera is spread by the consumption of contaminated food and water. Vaccination is recommended, especially if you intend to travel to rural areas where the disease is widespread and there is limited access to clean water.
Hepatitis A is usually transmitted by contaminated food and water, or close physical contact with an infected person, whereas Hepatitis B is transmitted by exposure to infected body fluids and blood.
Meningitis is endemic throughout the country. Pre-travel consultation to evaluate vaccination requirements is strongly recommended.
Polio is typically transmitted by contaminated food and water and can be caused by three different types of polio viruses. Infections caused by one type of virus do not protect against the others.
Infection typically occurs through contact with the saliva of an infected animal, usually caused by bites, scratches or licks near open wounds or mucous membranes (e.g. mouth, nose, eyes). The most common vectors are dogs and bats, but cases of infection in other domestic animals have also been reported.
Caused by toxins released by the bacterium Clostridium tetani, the risk of tetanus infection is present throughout the country.
Bacterial in origin, typhoid fever is transmitted through contaminated food and drink, especially in regions with inadequate sanitary conditions.
Tuberculosis is an airborne disease of bacterial origin. Vaccination is recommended for all travellers at risk of developing severe symptoms or coming into contact with infected individuals. It is also recommended for all travellers under the age of 16, who plan to stay in the country for more than 3 months.
Malaria is transmitted by the bites of infected mosquitos and is widespread throughout the country. As a vaccine is still not available, you must take careful precautions to avoid mosquito bites and in some cases it may be necessary to take antimalarial medication, after thorough evaluation by a qualified doctor.
These diseases are spread by the bites of infected mosquitos and there are no vaccines. Consequently, it is important to adopt careful behavioural and preventive measures.
Diseases such as Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever, Rift Valley Fever, Leishmaniasis, African trypanosomiasis, and West Nile virus are present in some parts of West Africa. As these diseases are transmitted by insect bites and there are no vaccines, it is important to adopt careful behavioural and preventive measures.
The following vaccinations are strongly recommended as these diseases can be contracted anywhere in the world. Experts advise that you protect yourself and other travellers by making sure you are up-to-date with all of the recommended vaccinations. This will allow you to travel safely, while minimising the risk of exposure to infection.
Senegal is located in West Africa, overlooking the Atlantic Ocean. The country borders Mauritania to the north and northeast, Mali to the east, and Guinea and Guinea-Bissau to the south. It also surrounds Gambia, which occupies a narrow strip of territory in the southern part of the country along the banks of the Gambia River.
The terrain is flat, with the exception of the south-eastern part of the country bordering Guinea, where the land ascends into the Futa Djallon highlands, where relatively modest elevations of approximately 500 metres.
Average temperatures in are high: 20-30° between November and May; 35° between June and November. There are huge variations in rainfall levels, which are intense in the south (and usually along the coast) during the May-December wet season. Whereas, in the north and the interior, they become progressively drier, with a semi-arid climate in the quarter of the country that falls within the pre-desertic region of Sahel. This is also why there is an enormous variety of the vegetation, ranging from rainforest on the Guinean border to the pre-desert steppe in the northeast.
